• General 23.01.2014 Comments Off on State

    ARTICLE 102. The territory, with public goods that the part, belong to the nation. TITLE IV OF THE DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION AND POLITICAL PARTIES CHAPTER I – OF THE FORMS OF DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION ARTICLE 103. Mechanisms for the participation of the people in the exercise of their sovereignty are: vote, the plebiscite, the referendum, the popular consultation, the open cabildo, legislative initiative and the revocation of the mandate. The law shall regulate them. The State will contribute to the Organization, promotion and training of professional, civic, Trade Union, community, youth, charitable associations or common utility non-governmental, without detriment to their autonomy with the object that constitute democratic mechanisms for representation in different instances of participation, coordination, control and monitoring of public management that is establish. ARTICLE 104.

    The President of the Republic, with the signature of all Ministers and previous friendly concept of the Senate of the Republic, may consult the people decisions of national significance. The decision of the people shall be compulsory. The query cannot be performed concurrently with another choice. ARTICLE 105. Subject to compliance with the requirements and formalities that points the general statute of the territorial organization and in the cases determined by this, Governors and mayors as the case may be, may be popular consultations to decide on matters of competence of the respective department or municipality. ARTICLE 106. Prior compliance with the requirements of the law and in cases to be decided, the inhabitants of the territorial entities may submit projects on matters which are within the competence of the respective public corporation, which is obliged to deal with them; decide on rules for the interest of the Community initiative of the authority or corresponding Corporation or by not less than 10% of citizens registered in the respective electoral roll; and elect representatives on the boards of the companies providing public services within the respective territorial entity.

  • General 09.01.2014 Comments Off on Sociological Study

    According to Josef Ruland (Guilds in towns and cities, Dusseldorf 1963) The origins of these guilds are guilds that remained until the mid seventeenth century. For these reasons, there are guilds of citations to papers in Andernach 1640. These brotherhoods were collecting all the events that took place in the city in a few books that are kept in daily now.
    In legal systems of guilds can be seen the typical titles in these guilds, including the referees and the president. The latter brought the highest position within the brotherhood and in the early days was responsible to enforce the rules as well as to live together in peace (for example, to obtain water from the sources of the Rhine).
    The main purpose of the guild with a religious component was mainly helping the sick, injured and families of deceased. Even today there are support services to relatives of deceased as well as maintaining the habit of waving the banner of the brotherhood of the deceased at the time of burial.
    The charitable purpose of the associations of citizens has been restricting the passage of time. At present, the focus is more on the social component of the members, organizing meetings, parties and travel. At present there are 17 guilds in the city center and 17 others in neighboring communities .

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